The Ultimate New York Bar Exam Essay Topics Trick

The Ultimate New York Bar Exam Essay Topics Trick If you're good at the job, your students will be happy, and you'll be happy. As you pay for homework, we provide those options free of charge. Students lead busy lives and frequently forget about an approaching deadline. As a consequence, such students search for the best essay help to make sure that their project is going to be produced at the maximal level in accord with all academic standards. Your very best possibility of passing depends on your capacity to discover the study methods that work for you, make your plan and keep it up. It is essential to have a great comprehension of the law, whether someone should just sit down and refresh themselves or teach it to themselves for the very first time. By so doing, you'll be in a position to understand whether you're being ripped off or not. You should have your reasons, and our principal concern is that you wind up getting a great grade. A great procedure to keeping a fast pace is to earn a list as you go with two columns. Vowel synthesis software For anyone who's stuck with his persuasive essay writing, here's a list of the very best abandoning an animal needs to be considered a sort of animal cruelty. If you're a worldwide student worrying about your writing skills, there are a number of helpful resources which are available to you. Discover how to use effective legal writing strategies to your benefit. The Principles of New York Bar Exam Essay Topics That You Will be Able to Learn From Beginning Today Both birth orders wish to be the initial and are overachievers. It is wise to look for the one which has an excellent reputation and offers high-quality papers at inexpensive prices. If you are searching for a breakdown of the highly tested topics on the MEE, have a look at our MEE one-sheets. Only children are extremely independent and don't suffer fools gladly. You won't ever feel more prepared for the es say section of the exam. Fortunately, in regards to studying for the bar exam, you won't need to find out how or what things to review on your own because there are numerous courses out there. Even if you're very bright, passing the bar exam is hard. The California bar exam isn't an exception. Candidates need to have a strategy for each portion of the exam. You still ought to study all the subjects and concentrate on the most highly tested topics within each subject. Frequently, however, those topics aren't intensively tested. That means you can brush up on your favourite topics. Given that it wasn't tested on the previous exam, it makes it increasingly probable that one of these subjects will appear. Graders across jurisdictions are usually seeking the very same elements. Ensure you have adequate materials to help you get ready for the MBE subjects. In case you have any questions, you can get in touch with our friendly support team night and day and get immediate assistance. Having confidence in your preparation and knowing you are becoming excellent superior information from a very good source is essential to success in my opinion. You'll have a lot of time to learn everything you have to pass. The good thing is you don't even need to come close to a 400 to pass! An Apple iPod Nano with all class audio lectures may be used separately for a discount. The program is intended to increase exam performance on the other side of the board. This system sounds really terrific! The iPod rental program is made to help you take the lectures with you, wherever you choose to study.

Good Education Is Not A Learn And Dump Enters Long Term...

Good education not a learn and dump†¦ enters long term memory†¦. Helps with practical things in one way or another, encourages critical thinking. Helps different learning styles . good education improves the quality of life. I would consider good education one that consist of learning that is not there merely there to achieve a good grade or to pass a test, but would result in long-term learning and retention of knowledge. Education is nearly pointless if what is being taught is not entering into the student’s long-term memory. My education thus far has consisted of being home educated from preschool through 12th grade, and in two years at J Sargeant Reynolds I have achieved my associates degree in science. Being home educated has taught me to be self-motivated; although good education is most important it still won’t change a student who is not self-motivated. My parents did not push me to go to college nor did they oppose it. At J Sargeant Reynolds I have certainly come across positive learning environments and negative ones. Both good education is implemented there as well as bad education. An example of good education provided at Reynolds would be a professor I had this past spring. She was organized, prepared, clear, helpful, and was remarkably knowledgeable in her field. She used different ways to teach the material such as PowerPoint with voiceovers, videos, examples, and hands on learning in labs. As a child I did not appreciate education. I liked what I wasShow MoreRelatedInterpretation of the Text13649 Words   |  55 Pages1. Correlation of literary genres For practical purposes it might be worthwhile to adopt the point of view, according to which there are two main genres of literature - poetry and prose. Their types are shown in Fig 1.2. Poetry is a comprehensive term which can be taken to cover any kind of metrical composition. It has three types - Narrative, Lyric and Dramatic. Drama in general is any work meantto be performed on a stageby actors. A more particular meaning is a serious play, not necessarilyRead MoreChoosing Your It Career Path12084 Words   |  49 Pagesstrong problem solving and analytical skills, you are a perfect candidate for a computer related career. Computer careers can be a solitary work, but often require good communication skills. IT personnel must know how to relay information to clients and co-workers in order to maintain order and efficiency in the system. Computer education is available in many varieties; from certifications, certificate programs, associate degree programs, bachelor’s and even master s degree programs. Many professionalsRead MoreEconomics Text Book Chapter Summaries21497 Words   |  86 Pagesscarcity and choice Key concept- opportunity cost: for a person to get more of one thing... he/she must forego getting something else e.g. to get food must pay (give up) money In economics rational behavior is assumed, e.g. people want more goods for less money Assumption: we all want to increase utility = happiness, satisfaction Rational self-interest not same as selfishness, e.g. one reason for donating to charity is because of derived satisfaction Key concept- marginal analysis-Read MoreImpact of Science on Society38421 Words   |  154 Pagesin the moral values and basic philosophies of mankind. Beginning with the plow, science has changed how we live and what we believe. By making life easier, science has given man the chance to pursue societal concerns such as ethics, aesthetics, education, and justice; to create cultures; and to improve human conditions. But it has also placed us in the unique position of being able to destroy ourselves. To celebrate the 25th anniversary of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)Read MoreImpact of Science on Society38427 Words   |  154 Pagesin the moral values and basic philosophies of mankind. Beginning with the plow, science has changed how we live and what we believe. By making life easier, science has given man the chance to pursue societal concerns such as ethics, aesthetics, education, and justice; to create cultures; and to improve human conditions. But it has also placed us in the unique position of being able to destroy ourselves. To celebrate the 25th anniversary of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)Read MoreAccounting Information System Chapter 1137115 Words   |  549 Pagesto challenge the group’s answers, provide alternative answers, and chip in with additional answers not provided by the selected group. Since the group that presents is not selected until after the time has expired, students are motivated to do a good job, as they will be presenting to their peers. The value of this activity is not in arriving at a â€Å"right answer† as there are many right answers and student answers will vary. Instead, it is in thinking through the issues presented in Table 1-2 Read MoreRed Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Security Guide50668 Words   |  203 Pagesy_next_bestselling_novel in your current working directory, enter the cat m y_next_bestselling_novel command at the shell prompt and press Enter to execute the command. T he above includes a file name, a shell command and a keycap, all presented in mono-spaced bold and all distinguishable thanks to context. Key combinations can be distinguished from keycaps by the plus sign that connects each part of a key combination. For example: Press Enter to execute the command. Press Ctrl+Alt+F2 to switch to aRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility15903 Words   |  64 PagesCORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) is a term describing a company’s obligation to be accountable to all of its stakeholder in all its operation and activities. Socially responsible companies consider the full scope of their impact on commu nities and the environment when making decisions, balancing the needs of stakeholder with their need to make profit. A company’s stakeholders are all those who are influenced by and can influence a company’s decisions and action, both locally and globally. BusinessRead MoreThe Walt Disney Company Report15335 Words   |  62 Pagessports teams were acquired the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim and Anaheim Angels. * In 2004, Pixar Animation Studios began looking for another distributor after its 12 year contract. * 2005, Robert Iger was announced as Eisner successor as CEO after a long fierce campaign against Eisner called â€Å"Save Disney† that resulted after 5 years to outer Eisner . * In 2005 Hong Kong Disneyland opened to the public. * In 2006 it was announced that Disney would purchase Pixar * In 2009 Disney acquiredRead MoreManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 PagesA. and other countries. Screen shots and icons reprinted with permission from the Microsoft Corporation. This book is not sponsored or endorsed by or affiliated with the Microsoft Corporation. Copyright  ©2012, 2009, 2005, 2002, 1999 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the

Social Disclosure in Australia Perspective

Question: Identify a current controversy relating to accounting in Australia. Newspapers, magazines and academic journals accessed through library database and internet will be a valuable source of material. Students should then write a essay which demonstrates their understanding of the issue, outlines the various arguments surrounding the issue and justifies their own position on the issue with reference to financial accounting concepts and theories. Answer: Purpose Accounting designed for goodwill is once more in controversy because Australia applies international accounting standards starting 1 January 2005. The existing strategy for accounting for goodwill will alter drastically as outlined in the AASB's ED109 along with IASB's ED3. Goodwill procured in a trade mix will never again be amortized yet to a certain extent goodwill will be tried for impairment every year (Ed3). The researchers in this field have investigated the probable effect of the anticipated amendments to goodwill accounting for organizers, reviewers and those included with corporate governance. Auditors will be needed in numerous occasions to utilize their expert opinion and depend on administrations' capacities and trustworthiness and also sound corporate administration components, (for example, auditing panels) in evaluating the "fair" value of goodwill and related exchanges. This paper raises the issues and difficulties that creators, free examiners and those included in corporate governance will confront with the foreword of the latest dealing for goodwill accounting. Introduction Accounting designed for goodwill is once more in controversy because Australia applies international accounting standards starting 1 January 2005 that will follow huge amendments to financial reports issued in Australia (Schmidt, 2003). The existing technique for accounting intended for goodwill will transform fundamentally as point by point in the AASB's ED109 as well as IASB's ED3. The global foreword draft (ED3) expresses that goodwill procured in a trade blend won't be amortized (being the existing handling of goodwill) yet somewhat goodwill will be tried to be impaired yearly. As opposed to being liable to yearly amortization, goodwill amounts will be liable to a check for impairment, because at every reporting day or anywhere there is a sign that the goodwill might have been subject to impairment. The measure of goodwill i.e. carrying amount will subsequently be diminished to the degree of the impairment and this loss from impairment perceived in the count of revenue for the ap plicable time frame. Despite the fact that this methodology has particular rationale, the technicalities of its function is mind boggling and dependent on an elevated level of translation. Surely a portion of the figuring needed possibly will be liable to speculating, yet well-informed speculating. The latest projected cure is laden with prejudice and vagueness for fiscal statement makers plus auditors that will have genuine ramifications in various basic regions, together with corporate governance as well as audit. Implications of the Current Treatment Presumably the largely controversial part of the present handling of goodwill is the amortization phase. In words of Lamond (1995) "there is null clarification for the mystical 2 decades determination of the greatest amortization phase intended for goodwill within Australia". As per the downbeat angle Australian founded organizations might be hindered in contrast to the abroad organizations that are not dependent on a 2 decades goodwill amortization era. It is doable that goodwill that showed with acquiring of a business could at present be in place following 2 decades. Johnson and Teaney (1993) distinguished the issues brought on by the prerequisite of Aasb1013 to Australian organizations in connection to their universal similarity and financial reporting as below: 1. At the time of challenging overseas industry acquisitions, Australian organizations are punished because of subordinate reported subsequent to mixed income ƒ 2. capitalization of goodwill and resulting amortization are self-assertive and downplay net revenues 3. Goodwill is not assessable and is not of any value. 4. The goodwill record incorporates the mistakes brought about at procurement, together affirmative and harmful, made when distinguishing and finding worth of all different resources and liabilities. Nobes and Parker (2000) claimed that the revenue is decreased as an after-effect of goodwill amortization which possibly will prompt a cut-throat burden in contrast to those that don't amortize. As the encouraging angle, an adjusting thing, goodwill, can't be exposed to inconclusive capitalization yet to a certain extent must be outlaid intermittently. In case, the alternative for inconclusive underwriting was accessible it is recommended that numerous Australian organizations' revenues would have been significantly superior from the time when AASB1013 had been presented. Although there is a little degree in favour of creative accounting with the existing standard, for instance, by capitalizing a lot of goodwill at the time revenues are bigger than typical to advance revenue levelling, it is proposed that the latest dealing has conceivably numerous additional ways for accountants to be imaginative. Proposed new treatment of goodwill As illustrated within AASB's ED109 as well as IASB's ED3, goodwill gained in a trade blend might not be amortized however should be tried for impairing yearly (or all the further every now and again in case occasions or transforms in circumstances show that it may be impeded). As opposed to being liable to yearly amortization, goodwill amounts in this way, will be liable to a debilitation test since at every reporting day or at any point of time there is an evidence that the goodwill might have been impeded. The carrying value of goodwill will in that case be capitalized to the degree of the impairing and this loss of impairing perceived in the figuring of revenue and misfortune for the applicable time. This re-examined accounting treatment is explained in the IASB's introduction version of anticipated alterations to global standard IAS 36: Impairment of Assets. In accordance with this global standard, goodwill is well thought-out to have been impaired at the time its carrying sum su rpasses its inferred worth. Conclusion The existing strategy for accounting in favour of goodwill will modify considerably seeing that nitty-gritty within the AASB's ED109 and IASB's ED3. Goodwill gained in a trade blend will never again be amortized however instead goodwill will be tried for debilitation yearly (Ed3). Auditors will be needed, in numerous occasions to utilize their expert judgment and depend on administrations' capacities and uprightness and in addition best corporate governance instruments, (for example, audit boards) for the "fair" estimation of goodwill and related exchanges. As per the concerns raised in this document, are accountants, and corporate governance systems, together with outer audit, readied to ponder this kind of a sensational and intricate revolution needed by the projected accounting handling for goodwill? (Bradbury, 2000) References Bradbury, M.E. (2000) Issues in the Drive to Measure Liabilities at Fair Value. Australian Accounting Review, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 19-25. Johnson, J. and Tearney, M. (1993) Goodwill An Eternal Controversy, The CPA Journal, Vol. 63, No. 4, pp. 58-69. Lamond, Bob (1995) Goodwill: The Final Solution, Charter, Vol 66, No. 2,68-74. Nobes, C. and Parker, R. H. (2000) Comparative International Accounting, 6thed., Financial Times/Prentice Hall, London, England. Schmidt, L. (2003) Intangibles tangle, Business Review Weekly, August 7-13, pp. 80-83.

Politeness in the English Language Essay Example

Politeness in the English Language Paper Linguistically, politeness is a form of pragmatic, the study of how interlocutors use their own knowledge of a language to convey and interpret meaning (Bloomer, Griffith and Morrison: 468), this enforces that littleness is a form of language that previous knowledge and external influences that can affect our interpretation of what was spoken to the listener. There are many factions of politeness however, the main focus is the social interactions that may or may not be considered polite. Sociolinguistics such as Penelope Brown and Stephenson C. Elevations are the most creditable figures In studying politeness, Politeness: some universals in language usage what this particular text introduces is that politeness is versatile and differs from culture, to culture. The study of politeness enables the understanding of the relationship between speaker and listener. Studs such as J Holmes Women. Men and Politeness also represent how politeness differs between genders and what is expected from women and men in society. Academic texts such as introducing language in use and politeness in language discuss the variations of politeness and how politeness operates, such as what is conceived polite and impolite. What may or may not be considered polite differs on the individual as Bloomer, Griffith and Merinos state it depends! More specifically, it would depend on who you are asking (Bloomer, Griffith and Morrison: 109). Based on relationships and individual interpretation of politeness, what one may consider extremely rude one may think nothing of it, due to the listeners relationship to the speaker, it could even be a joke Get me a coke. (Bloomer, Griffith and Morrison: 1 08), may be considered neither polite nor impolite to one but impolite to another. Due to politeness being pragmatic any examples of politeness cant be analyzed correctly due to not knowing the external actors. Therefore, it also suggests that linguistic choice is a main factor when being polite or impolite, as this varies from perso n to person. Politeness is suggested to be more complex than what is initially perceived such as please and thank you, Brown and Elevations (1978, 1 987) suggest this people have certain needs (Bloomer, Griffith and Morrison: 1 12) these are called faces. We will write a custom essay sample on Politeness in the English Language specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Politeness in the English Language specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Politeness in the English Language specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Positive face, is individuals public image or personality that one desires to be accepted and approved of. Negative face is our rights and freedom of action. This is a constant struggle to keep face as these faces are continuously threatened in everyday conversation. These threats are normally made by the speaker as they challenge the hearers self-image or their freedom Of action. Acts that threaten the hearers face would be questions such as order and requests, suggestions and advice, reminders and threats (warnings and dares) this removes the hearers freedom of action therefore it is a threat. Hearers can gain their face back by complaining, or refusing to do what the) are requested to do. Politeness however, makes this hard to refuse as it signed to make individuals do as the speaker says or they will appear impolite a break social rules. Threats the positive face is similar however, TFH speaker may criticize, disapprove, disagree, bringing bad news or boasting about the speakers news etc. They can gain their face back by apologizing, accepting and complimenting and so on. However, by regaining hearers positive and negative face they are now threatening the speakers positive and negative face. When applying o politeness, it is understood that politeness is a linguistic behavior signaling that the speaker wants/needs/ appreciates The same things as the hearer (Bloomer Griffith Morrison: 1 If Politeness represents. positive concern (Holmes: 1995). This then suggests that a common ground is to be met as politeness doesnt intend to threaten faces. Brown and Elevations (1978, 1 987) are the most famous figures in linguistic analysis of politeness as they suggested the theory of negative and positive face. However, the focus will be on the universal concept of politeness. International systematic are based largely on universal principals (Brown and Elevations:283) this suggests that hearer and speaker hurry is similar throughout different cultures, there is always a one and once conversation and that has one and the other however, this differs systematically across cultures, and within cultures sub-subcultures'( Brown c Elevations:283) the idea of variation of politeness suggest s society is built up multiple building blocks where complex social relations are constructed When studying the basics of Politeness, it is assumed that in society this system works on both genders equally however, our language differs in society. However, J Holmes Women, men and politeness (1995) suggests otherwise where its stated that yes think women are more polite than mere (Holmes: 1). It isnt surprising when it has been proven multiple times before that men and womens speech differ in language. Such as girls are verbally more precious than boys ( Men, Women and Politeness, 1995:1 , Chambers 1992) and women have more advantage over men Lunacy, speaking, sentence complexity (Men, Women and Politeness, 1995:1, Chambers 1992, 1999) compared to men are likely to stutter and to have reading disabilities (Men, Women and Politeness, 1995:1 ,Chambers 1992:200). This obviously allows women to structure complex sentences and articulate bet when using politeness and men, struggling to do so. Socially women tend to talk more, as a means of keeping in touch and developing relationship as most men, use language to convey information. This then suggests that me are concerned with the content of the conversation than the meaning and the feelings behind then that women do due to womens natural nurturing side. Politeness in Language (1992) is written by Richard Watts, Cossack Did and Conrad Inline who represent the postmodern approach to politeness They issues the history of politeness, and how the English language has evolved . The meaning of expression and the historicity of the present, the diachronic aspects of politeness. A number of key themes are illustrated from the first section focus on the theoretical and historical dimensions of linguistic politeness. These themes are nicely explored by Watts when he claims that politeness will always be a slippery, ultimately indefinable quality of interaction which is subject to change through time and across cultural space (watts:13). The suggests that the analytical study of modern littleness may differ in time to come therefore research continuously being invalid as it is always differing from person to person and cant be set on one theory. Text also looks at politeness and its history Conrad Inline suggests, it is not a natural entity, but one which has evolved historically (Inline: 73) like language it is a historical construct that has differed over time. As previously mentioned, politeness differs from culture to culture and from area to area it also changes from time to time. Such as asking permission of the father to awry a women was seen as polite and a scandal to be wed without permission. In modern day society it would still be considered polite but not impolite if a man was to ask the father to marry his daughter. Inline implies that the phenomenon of politeness does not exist (Inline: 73) he further argues that they are part of an expression and therefore concept of politeness and is not independent. Inline recognizes that previous studies are subjective as sociolinguistics such as Brown and Elevations, surmise it is universal when they only studied western areas. To conclude: The English language is vibrant with multiplicity and complexities especially in politeness. English language and culture through history have always been highlighted for their etiquette and good manners due to English heritage. Manners, where of the highest importance in English history and a large part Of this remains.

Vargas Surname Meaning and Origin - About Genealogy

Vargas Surname Meaning and Origin - About Genealogy The Vargas surname is topographical in origin, indicating someone who lived on or near agricultural land that was flooded in winter; from vargas, the plural of varga. In different parts of Spain the term varga also had other various meanings, including a steep hillside or a straw- or thatch-roofed hut. Vargas may also be habitational in origin, indicating someone who came from Vargas in Santander province of Spain. Vargas is the 36th most common Hispanic surname. Surname Origin:  Spanish Alternate Surname Spellings:  VARGAZ   Famous People with the Surname VARGAS Elizabeth Vargas - American broadcast journalist- Peruvian contemporary writerGetà ºlio Vargas - former President of BrazilJoaquin Alberto  Vargas  y Chvez - Peruvian painter of pin-up girlsLuis de Vargas  - Spanish painter of the Renaissance era Where Do People With the VARGAS Surname Live? The surname distribution data at  Forebears  ranks Vargas as the 251st most common surname in the world, identifying it as most prevalent in Mexico and with the highest density in Costa Rica. The Vargas surname is the 2nd most common surname in Bolivia and Costa Rica, 14th in Colombia, 20th in Peru, 28th in Chile, 30th in the Dominican Republic, and 33rd in Panama and Mexico. Within Europe, Vargas is most frequently found in Spain, according to  WorldNames PublicProfiler, especially in the southern provinces of Sevilla and  Almerà ­a. The surname is also very common in almost all regions of Argentina.   Genealogy Resources for the Surname VARGAS 100 Common Hispanic Surnames Their MeaningsGarcia, Martinez, Rodriguez, Lopez, Hernandez... Are you one of the millions of people sporting one of these top 100 common Hispanic last names? How to Research Hispanic HeritageLearn how to get started researching  your Hispanic ancestors, including the basics of family tree research and country specific organizations, genealogical records, and resources for Spain, Latin America, Mexico, Brazil, the Caribbean and other Spanish speaking countries. Vargas Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as an Vargas family crest or coat of arms for the Vargas surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted.   VARGAS Family Genealogy ForumSearch this popular genealogy forum for the Vargas surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Vargas query. FamilySearch - VARGAS GenealogyAccess over 10 million free historical records and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Vargas surname and its variations on this free genealogy website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. GeneaNet - Vargas RecordsGeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Vargas surname, with a concentration on records and families from France, Spain, and other European countries. VARGAS Surname Family Mailing ListsThis free mailing list for researchers of the Vargas surname and its variations includes subscription details and a searchable archives of past messages. DistantCousin.com - VARGAS Genealogy Family HistoryExplore free databases and genealogy links for the last name Vargas. The Vargas Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse family trees and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the last name Vargas from the website of Genealogy Today. - References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998. Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997. Back toGlossary of Surname Meanings Origins

Get Hired Faster What to Do When You Interview [Infographic]

Get Hired Faster What to Do When You Interview [Infographic] We all know what to do when we go on an interview- right? Dress up, say hello, give a firm handshake. There’s actually a lot more that you can do before you even pull on a suit and walk through the door. For starters, it helps to put some time in. Find out what you can about the company- that can lead to insightful interview questions during the actual interview. Then you can even plan out your trip to the interview, including the route and parking.It never hurts to investigate the people you’re interviewing with, too. There are also some dos and don’ts, from dressing appropriately (a plus) to leaving your cell phone on (a minus).Then, remember essential politeness. Be kind- to everyone and remember names. Be specific and be positive, and understand what the post-interview timeline is.Need some helpful interview reminders? Use this helpful infographic: [Source: Akkencloud]

Serious Thinking Impacts and Reactive Decision Making Dissertation

Serious Thinking Impacts and Reactive Decision Making - Dissertation Example Consequently, ways of decision making that permit a restricted variety of option are pleasing. For this cause, workers who activate in this way appear to be preferred above those who do not. The unconsidered environment of defense has formed UK Defence Ministry workers who lean, or necessitate, observing problems in one measurement. Problem-adjusted defense needs workers to inspect problems cautiously, to disconnect problems into their detached elements. Most significantly, it obligates workers to dedicate time to effect a problem throughout so as to accumulate time by eradicating or decreasing prospect occasions. Once showing serious thoughts, one leans to discern the confusing forces which formed the observed phenomenon. In other words, the numerous extents of problems are observed. This might slow down the hustle of decision making. The procedure of Toyota problem solving could get an extended time. Known that every phase based upon the previous phases, it must be obvious that by using moderately more attempt on the former phases, time and money must be accumulated on the afterward stages. Regrettably, tiring executives frequently use too modest attempt on the problem searching and formulation phases in their normally creditable but frequently mistaken conviction in the advantages of operating rapidly and determinedly. For instance, the answer to a plunge in sales may give up the decision to expand a complicated reward system for the sales strength (www.highbeam.com). The genuine problem may be reasoned by the deprived pricing strategy or by governmental problems which create extreme hindrances in satisfying a command. There are five main phases in the Toyota problem-solving procedure: Searching the Problem Devising the Problem Creating the Choice of the Solution Execution of the Solution Audit and Review of Results of the Execution Toyota problem-solving starts with the procedure of searching the problem. This is the hardest stage since things are frequentl y not what they appear. What one observes as a problem based on what notions one has about organizations. Indications could both illumine and facade fundamental Toyota problems (Liker and Meier 2005). Searching the problem is a detective match in which the serious evidence is occasionally obvious and other times slight and instinctive, appearing only after an extended procedure of investigation and abolition (Hargadon 2009). Toyota problems, formerly originated, are usually obvious and patently obvious other than they do not come into views so at the commencement. What one wishes to evade is named a Type III mistake; the fault of functioning on the incorrect problem. There are normally a lot of problems excluding which are actually serious? The second stage is formulating the problem. This is hard because it forever engages standards which require be coming out and commerce with so as to create a collective thinking about what is happening and how to progress. Organizations have a l ot of stakeholders with diverse targets and standards. For instance, stockholders search for better surplus and profits. The administration needs control, wealth, and augmented enlargement (Gatignon; Tushman; Smith & Anderson 2002). The workers command more protection, pay, and health advantages.  

Processing the Crime Scene and Establishing Identity Essay - 1

Processing the Crime Scene and Establishing Identity - Essay Example The initial pictures suggest that destructive material was used in the preparation of the bomb, as the dead bodies are showing very strong signs of injuries of ball-bearing piercings. There was considerable panic as depicted in the media at the crime scene because of the horrific outcomes of the blast. There has been no such incident in London within this area for years and people were not expecting this to take place at such an augmented magnitude. There are different speculations about the different aspects of the bomb blast and most of the people and experts are hinting towards the possibility of a terrorist attack. In order to lessen the speculations and start team oriented investigation of the crime scene, the following team is prepared keeping in view the requirements of the crime scene 1. Leader of the team 2. Photography specialist and Log Recorder 3. Sketch Artist 4. Evidence Recovery and Recording Specialists 5. Investigation Specialists (Allison, 2008) The first and foremo st responsibility of the team leader is to visit the crime scene with the team and brief the team members about the current situation and contextual background of the crime scene (Gardner, 2005).  . The area was secured as a first priority by a low level police agency in order to secure the evidences and fingerprints. After the initial help to the wounded, the dead bodies are placed on the ground and they are not touched as said by the team leader. The photographer has the responsibility to take the pictures of the crime scene from every angle in order to file a strong case for the FIR case. The role of photographer is of importance in this case because of the fact that crime scene is spread in a very huge area and the pictures must be taken of all the places where the bomb shrapnel and other pieces of human bodies have spread. This is important in order to have a sound knowledge about the strength of the bomb that was used. The photographs quality is also highly dependent upon th e angles that are deployed during the usage of the pictures at the crime scene because there is a great need to inculcate the fact that pictures will be used in the future also for investigation at a higher level (National Institute of Justice, 2013). The third role is that of the sketch preparer who has a very crucial role in this case. All the people who are the survivors of this bomb blast were interviewed and they were asked about the possible outlook of the bomber/culprit. Most of the people said that there was a teen ager who came at the bus stop he shouted something loudly which is not interpreted yet by people and then there was a blast. Most of the injured people have given the signs and outlooks of that boy and the sketch maker has given a sketch in which a clean shaven, teen-age white guy is depicted. This will be used country wide for the tracing of the original motivators of this crime. Evidence recorder is another very important role in a team investigation in this cas e which has the responsibility to collect all the evidences, finger prints, interview wounded people, survey the nearby buildings, shops, churches, schools and markets in order to get a strong grasp on all the important factors that were responsible for the crime. The other role is of the specialists who are the main responsible team member in order to get to the depth of this case. Forensic specialists were called on the crime scene who will apply the arts of back tracking and check the American national database for searching any possible

America’s Two Assemblies Essay Example for Free

America’s Two Assemblies Essay Introduction The U.S. government is composed of a bicameral Congress. The first one is the Senate, which is represented equally by the states. The second one is the House of Representatives, which is represented by population. This setup is proposed by the Connecticut Compromise, which combines the proposal of New Jersey and Virginia regarding the issues surrounding the creation of a new Congress. New Jersey, one of the smaller states, insisted that each state should have equal representation in the Congress. But the Virginia Plan argued that a legislature based on population is more fitting. So as a result, the two proposals were combined satisfactorily forming the two houses of the Congress (Lader 2002, 55). The U.S. Senate, or the upper house, is bestowed with different powers, one of which is the power to approve the laws and treaties created by the presidential or the executive branch of the government, as well as the ones coming from the lower house. It approves the laws and treaties by the virtue of two-thirds of votes of the whole Senate population. If that number is not reached, the law can be outwardly rejected, shelved, or is requested to be amended (Powers and Procedures 2006, 1). The lower house, or the House of Representatives, on the other hand, is bestowed the power to create bill which, in turn will turn into a law that the whole nation will follow, and eventually, benefit from. The House of Representatives meets to create bills and resolutions, discusses them, and passes them on to the Senate for further review and ratification (The Legislative Process 2006, 1). These are the basic functions of both the Houses. The functions of creating laws will be further discussed in this paper to show that these two assemblies are essential in any system of government to ensure checks and balances on government power. II. Making a Law A bill starts from an idea of a person. It won’t matter if he is a part of the Congress, a social group or organization, or just a regular citizen. The idea then is brought to the House of Representatives so that they can hear out the pros and cons about it. A group especially designed to cater to the needs and the interest of that idea hears it. For example, if the idea is about education, the House Committee on Education and the Workforce handles it. The law starts from a single thought that is processed and formed into a bill (Donovan 2004, 6-11). All American law starts out this way as a bill. A bill is a document that proposes an entirely new law or an amendment to an existing one. The bill can be passed by any member of the Congress, even though the idea of making a law comes from government departments or from political parties, as announced in the party platforms during election campaigns. A bill passed by a member of the House of Representative as projected by the government is called the â€Å"Government Bill.† If an individual member of the Congress passes a bill, it is called a â€Å"Private Member’s Bill† (Brody 2001, 1-3). A bill is not a law yet; it has to be approved first by both the Houses of the Congress, and should be affirmed by the incumbent President. The two Houses of Congress will be assessing the bill and has the power to add proposals to make the necessary changes in it. These proposals are usually debated on; speeches are crafted to pronounce a member’s stand towards the bill. The Congress will be voting towards the approval or the shelving of the bill. Usually, the bill has to be read thrice and has to go through all the necessary changes before it is successfully passed on each House of Congress (Holder 1997, 1-4). Here, we see the interaction of the two Houses of the Congress. A law can impact the nation’s economy, and so that the lawmakers themselves, either from the upper or lower house won’t make a law that would benefit them individually or wholly. Intense deliberation and scrutiny is performed on the every bill that was conceptualized and is passed in the hope that it will be implemented only to benefit the many (Brady McCubbins 2002, 17). III. The Showcase of Balance The innate need of one House of the Congress for the other shows that there is balance in the legislative branch of the government itself. One cannot exist without the other. A bill will not become a law in the absence of either the houses. There would be no law implemented and conceptualized by just one House alone. A single law has to go through the process as required by both the Houses of the Congress (Sajo 1999, 69). These laws, on the other hand, will not become valid without being finalized and approved by the executive branch of government, which is composed of the President and his Cabinet. The final say still belongs to the Head of State. But he cannot influence the Congress as to what laws they should make or ratify. The executive branch can propose and lobby for a bill, but it cannot fully instruct the Congress to just pass it in its favor. Even if the bill is proposed from the above, it still has to go through the same processes. No special treatment is given (Sajo 1999, 89). At this point, the balance between the two branches of the government, namely executive and legislative becomes evident. The President of the United States in his supreme power and capacity, cannot, in any way, influence the Congress to absolutely work for him. He cannot mandate what laws he wanted to be created and passed over to him for finalization. In essence, his office is equal to the legislative office. They work in parallel of each other, so that one cannot take advantage of one another (Sajo 1999, 99). Without the Congress doing its job, the President will have the freedom of making laws himself for whatever reasons he finds urgent. And laws have a big impact to a nation. One wrong law could mean economic distress. One selfish law could suppress freedom. One inappropriate law could wreak havoc. Without the Congress, the President will have his absolute power. The U.S. democratic form of government is gone and a totalitarian form of government will take its place. When that happens, the power shifts heavily to the executive branch of the government (Borrelli 2002, 18). Another branch of the government is the judicial branch. Although the branch does not actively participate in the law-making process, it is directly involved in the implementation of such laws. Even if the legislative body makes the laws and the executive finalizes it, they do not participate in the process of making sure that the laws are fully observed and strictly followed by all members of the society. This is the job of the judiciary. The law applies to all, and that includes the lawmakers who created them and the President of the United States himself. Without the judicial branch of government doing its assigned task of maintaining harmony and peace within the nation’s constituents, the laws would become worthless (Berger et al 2001, 606). IV. The Law and the Society A harmonious society simply cannot exist unless the people who belong in it respect all the governing law implemented to a considerable degree. Laws have the power to settle certain issues in the society and the government. If all people respect the law enough, they would choose to reconcile their individual differences to the context of what is right and valid, as provided by the law’s provisions. All laws should be respectable and sound enough to be appreciated by everyone. Law and morality should also come hand in hand; otherwise, the people will have to choose either to lose their morality or their respect of the law. Laws are created so as to maintain justice in the society; therefore law and justice should be one and the same in the minds of the people (Bastiat 2004, 22). Lawmakers should take it upon themselves to make and amend laws according to the interests of the general public and not for their own personal gains. Laws should help accelerate the resolution of current social conflicts and national dilemma. Every law in the land should represent their citizens accordingly. The law is so powerful it can make a society; and that power is also enormous enough to destroy it in a rather big and convincing way (Lempert Sanders 1986, 15-20). And this is the main responsibility bestowed upon the shoulders of the legislative branch of government. A balanced government cannot exist in the absence of the Congress. The power will swing indefinitely to either the judicial or the executive branch. And the result of that can prove to be perilous to the society (Lempert Sanders 1986, 26-27). V. Conclusion The American law is intensely compiled, created, and enacted to serve a greater purpose in the society. The burden of enhancing the laws does not depend solely on the solons and lawmakers. We, as individual members of the society, have an immense duty to promote and participate in the creation of these laws as well. We have to be active members of the society and have to make a mark for our own good. We should all help the legislative branch to preserve the balance of power in the government and the society. Works Cited Bastiat, Frederick. (2004). The Law. Montana: Kessinger Publishing. Berger, Marsall J., Schatz Gerald S., Laufer Deborah S. (2001). Federal Administrative Dispute Resolution Deskbook. Illinois: American Bar Association. Borrelli, Maryanne. (2002). The Presidents Cabinet: Gender, Power, and Representation. Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers. Brady, David W McCubbins, Matthew D. (2002). Party, Process, and Political Change in Congress: New Perspectives on the History of Congress. California: Stanford University Press. Brody, David C. (2001). Criminal Law. Maryland: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Donovan, Sandy. (2004). Making Laws: A Look at How a Bill Becomes a Law. Minnesota: Lerner Publications. Holder, Angela R. (1997). The Meaning of the Constitution. New York: Barrons Educational Series. Lader, Curt. (2002). Barrons How to Prepare for the Ap U.S. Government and Politics. New York: Barrons Educational Series. Lempert, Richard Sanders Joseph. (1986). An Invitation to Law and Social Science: Deserts, Disputes and Distribution. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. Powers Procedures. (2006). United States Senate. [Online] Available at http://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/history/one_item_and_teasers/powers.htm. Sajo, Andras. (1999). Limiting Government: An Introduction to Constitutionalism. New York: Central European University Press. The Legislative Process. (2006). United State House of Represenatives. [Online] Available at http://www.house.gov/house/Tying_it_all.shtml.

Essay --

Electronic health records or electronic medical records depending on where you are reading are becoming a growing trend in the health care field. When we go to the doctor’s office, we are familiar with a folder containing all of our medical visits, immunizations we have received, and medical treatments we may have also received. All of this information is kept in a folder and either stored on site or it is sent off to a storage facility. The new trend of electronic health records are suppose to simplify and make things a lot easier for both the patient and the health care workers. Imagine going to a doctor’s appointment for a physical and your medical records were not present. There is no way for the doctor’s office and staff to know what shots you have received and needed to renew. This had actually happened to me. I went for a physical that is needed for the nursing program in November and my doctor’s office did not have my charts on hand and need ed to request them from Iron Mountain. Why they didn’t have it ready before my appointment, nobody knows and to this day are unable to answer. If they had transitioned to the electronic health recording, they would have been able to pull up my records right there and then. Instead, they had inconvenienced me (by having me come back) and set their schedules back because another appointment was needed to be rescheduled. Electronic health records are an electronic/digital version of a patient’s medical records. It is recorded in real-time and is readily available as soon as it is updated. It is a secured digital way of keeping track of a patient’s medical records and only authorized medical personnel are able to have access to them. Electronic health records was developed in ... ...t has also opened up other options for physicians like Filipiuk who can’t adapt to the new system and have another way of getting their job completed. In conclusion, electronic health records are a new trend that will affect patients, health care providers and physicians in a positive way. It will allow a universal database for all health care providers to access and to have everyone on the same page. Patients and physicians will see improvement in quality and convenience of patient care, increased patient participation in their care, improved accuracy of diagnosis and health outcomes, improved care coordination, and increased practice efficiencies and cost savings. In order to increase awareness of electronic health records, education is the central focus. Like with anything new, it will take time for patients, physicians, and health care providers to adjust.

Compare the ways in which 3 poets write about relationships Essay

Introduction ‘To his coy mistress’, ‘Remember’ and ‘Since there’s no help†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ are all poems about relationships, the difference is the interpretation of the poet’s message, structure and other various aspects of the poems. ‘To his coy mistress’ by Andrew Marvell and ‘Since there’s no help’ by Michael Drayton were both written around the 16th and 17th centuries and explain very different characteristics of love. Drayton wrote a poem about the end of a relationship with a partner expressing that the love between them is dying. On the other hand Marvell writes, in a poetical way, someone’s argument to a lover trying to persuade them to have sex with them. This poem captivates your attention with the extremes a man would go to have sex with a young virgin, unlike the other poems that are about two partners love for each other. Similarly to Draytons poem, about love in a relationship, Christina Rossetti wrote a poem in the late 19th century to her partner telling him what to remember about their time together. Themes/subject The poem ‘To his coy mistress’ starts with Marvell addressing the young lady, whom he wishes to be his lover that there is no time for her to be coy. Straight away this gives the impression that he’s an intimidating and powerful man. ‘Had we but world enough, and time, this coyness, lady, were no crime’ Marvell tells the lady that being coy is alright when you have time but implies their time is limited and therefore she has no time to be coy, in effect he is pressurising her to do something that she is uncomfortable with. Through the repetition of time in the above sentences you may have guessed that it plays an important role in the poem. Marvell refers to time regularly in the poem as part of his persuasion techniques. The way in which he uses time pressurises the woman into doing what he wants. For example ‘Time’s winged chariot hurrying near’ implies that she can’t live forever so must make the most of the time she has. He uses time again in the concluding lines of the poem as a last persuasion to get his way ‘Thus, though we cannot make our sun stand still, yet we will make him run’ Here Marvell explains to the lady that they cannot make time stand still completely but they can make the most of the time they have. When you feel bored and upset your time seems to go slowly compared to when you are happy and this quote uses this to say that their time will be ‘running’ if they are together due to the good times they will have. Similarly to Marvell, personifying time, Drayton uses the same technique by personifying love ‘Now, if thou would’st, when all have given him over, from death to life thou might’st him yet recover’ Here Drayton has personified love by saying it is dying but may come back to life. I feel this is a good method by which the poet can get his message across with ease. In this case Drayton has personified love as a person on the verge of death. When comparing the two poems it becomes clear that this technique is also useful in distinguishing the message from a speech or letter into a poem. Images A positive image in the love poem ‘Remember’ is where Rossetti writes ‘Better by far you should forget and smile than you should remember and be sad’. She is expressing that she would rather be forgotten if that is the way to make her husband remain happy as she doesn’t want to be remembered if it will make him sad. Rossetti’ symbolises her love for her husband because she couldn’t bare him being sad by remembering her, therefore giving an optimistic image of their relationship. Rossetti also expresses sorrow images ‘Gone far away into the silent land. When you can no more hold me by the hand’ portrays that when she dies she will go to a silent land where she will be all alone, in comparison to when she is alive she can hold her husband’s hand, this reminding him that when she dies they will be separated forever. This is a sad image because it implies that their close bond will be split for eternity. The sadness is emphasised further because their relationship together was obviously true love yet now it is near its end. Marvell uses death in his persuasion, ‘Time’s winged chariot hurrying near’ A downbeat quote persuading the young lady that if they do not have sex that soon times winged chariot will collect them. He is implying it will be too late if they wait as eventually they will get old and die. Marvell personifies time as a chariot and I think his meaning is that a chariot collects people once they die and as they age the chariot gets nearer and so tries to put across this image to the woman. Marvell attempts to persuade the young lady that he will spend an age to admire each part of her and at the very end of the admiration she will love him back. He then says that she deserves no less than this and that he will never give her less than what she deserves. ‘An age at least to every part and the last age should show your heart: for lady, you do not deserve this state; nor would I love at lower rate’ this quote is not intimidating, like most of the poem I think he says it so the young lady thinks he is a good man. I don’t think Marvell wrote the poem because of his love for her, even though in some parts of the poem he tries to re-assure her that he does love her, instead I think he uses it to take advantage of her naivety – quote gives a pleasant image but has malicious intentions. I feel he says this only because writing about love is a good method when trying to lure her into bed and even though this quote may be deceiving she will probably not realise due to her young age. At the end of the poem Marvell tells the young lady that he would rather die than be without her ‘Rather at once our time devour than languish in its slow-chapped power’ Lines 39-40. This gives an image that he would rather all his time go, and would prefer to die than be without her because he would have to suffer in times power as his life would seem to be going slower if he wasn’t with her. As this quote is written in the concluding lines of the poem it continues to lead your thoughts to think he uses love as a means of enticing her into doing what he wants and to trick her into believing that he’d rather die than be without her. In the poem ‘Since there’s no help†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ there are a lot of negative images with few positive ones. This is due to the fact that love is dying out compared to Marvell’s poem in which the man wants the lady to believe he is in love with her, so if he expresses too many negative images then she would be less likely to believe him, different in that of Rossettis poem in which the relationship is very strong but the circumstances are of the person dying and not the love and by this she portrays how much love she has for him. In the opening lines Drayton tells the lady he wants nothing more to do with her ‘you get no more of me’ even the phrase itself gives you the image that he doesn’t want them to be together any longer. He continues to feel bitter and depressed and he reflects his mood in the negative images he gives in the poem. ‘I am glad, yea, glad with all my heart, that thus so cleanly I myself can free’ Drayton is almost trying to persuade her and himself that he doesn’t love her anymore and that he can be free of her, if their relationship ends. I don’t think Drayton does want the relationship to end but says this because he feels that he has no choice and doesn’t want to give his partner the impression that he would forgive her, whatever she does, otherwise she will take him for granted. Structure Marvell, Drayton and Rossetti all use rhyming couplets in the structure of their poems and this makes the poem easy and interesting to read. If it excluded the rhyming couplets reading the poem would be dull and the poet’s message would probably be lost in what would sound more like a speech. Drayton and Rossetti both wrote traditional love poems, the differences being that Rossetti wrote about the great amount of love between a couple and Drayton wrote about the lack of love in the relationship. Both poems include only 14 lines as opposed to the 46 of Marvell’s poem, however, all three poems work well. I felt Marvell chose to write a longer poem so he could properly express the argument and message it contained whereas I felt Rossetti and Drayton chose the shorter structure would be the most efficient way to explain what they wanted as they may have felt that choosing a longer structured poem to end a relationship or to express someone’s feelings would make the poem dull and boring. The difference between Rossetti’s and Drayton’s traditional love poems is that Rossetti split the poem into two stanzas; one with 6 lines and the other with 8 and thus uses the structure of a Petrachan sonnet whereas Drayton used the Shakespearean Iambic Pentameter which contains what would now be 10 syllables per line. Rossetti and Drayton writing a sonnet is evidence that they must love their partner. To write a sonnet to someone puts across the fact that you love them through the structure alone because of it being a traditional love poem. Language / Tone Marvell wrote his poem with persuasive and argumentative language. He tries to pressurise the person it is written for by consistently using death in his argument. At the beginning he says that there is no time to be coy but later says the opposite by saying ‘if you please, refuse till the conversion of the Jews’. As Jews are renowned for the pride they have in their religion he may feel there is not much chance of his succeeding with the young lady unless he poses this argument to change her opinion. Marvell tries to allure the young woman into having sex by using shock tactics ‘Then worms shall try that long-preserved virginity and your quaint honour turn to dust and into ashes all my lust’ Notice the language that he uses, as opposed to saying that someone else will take her virginity he gives her the image of her losing it to worms once she dies. This is a horrific image and using this destructive image it is far more effective because of the message behind it. Rather than using kindness to persuade his mistress into having sex he tries to scare her and in using such a forceful phrase on someone he claims to love further confirms his intimidation of this poor innocent girl. In comparison Rossetti wrote her poem in a more relaxed way but still with an important point to make. This is because she was writing it to someone who she has loved for most her life, however, she still wanted to persuade him not to grieve. Remember is repeated throughout the poem, this is because she wants to be remembered but doesn’t want to be mourned. Her message is expressed when she writes ‘Only remember me; you understand’ and ‘and afterwards remember, do not grieve’ both these quotes found in the second stanza of her poem prove that she doesn’t want him to forget her nor grieve. Rossetti, unlike Marvell, didn’t write on her own behalf as Rossetti wrote solely for her husband and mentioned herself rarely in the poem, I felt this was sad as she is the one dying but she didn’t want to meake her husband feel more upset so she couldn’t tell him how she was really feeling. You can tell she loved her partner and that the poem was written with good intentions. Drayton wrote his poem in such a way that it seemed that he was trying to persuade himself that he would be better off ending the relationship as well as telling his partner that their relationship had finished. Draytons intitial message to his partner is that their relationship is worth nothing, however, at the end begins to realise the love he has for her and so tells her the love may come back and as he does this the message at the end is very similar to the message expressed by Rossetti ‘when all have given him over, from death to life thou might’st him yet recover’ Drayton, talking about love personifying, hints that the love may come back to their relationship and may this happen his relationship could be similar to Rossettis loving relationship with her husband. My response to the poems My feelings about each poem differ; I feel the poem by Rossetti is sad as you can tell the relationship was strong and the poem was written to give her husband strength to go on after her death and remember the good things once she’s dead. It is effective as you know they had a good relationship because information such as their planned future together can be taken from the poem ‘no more day by day you tell me of the future that you planned’. It is also sad because she showed no self pity and so makes you feel sorry for her husband who wouldn’t know how his wife felt about her nearing death. My feelings about Marvells poem are completely different. I think this poem is quite threatening and harsh. He tells the young lady in the poem that she has to make her decision before she is old and ugly as he will no longer love her. I think he is also mean to write a poem in the persuasive language he does because she is young and naà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ve and he uses this to his advantage. The horrific images he portrays further prove that he uses love falsely because if he did love her he wouldn’t scare her into having sex against her will. ‘Then worms shall try that long-preserved virginity and your quaint honour turn to dust and into ashes all my lust’ This illustrates the extremes the speaker is prepared to go to in order to get what he wants, he is trying to give her negative thoughts of what will happen if she rejects him. As mentioned before, the poem was written in the 17th century in an era which girls normally married as virgins and usually at a very young age. Marvell uses this to his advantage by continuing to express, what I think, is false love because by getting her to believe he is in love with her he feels he stands a greater chance of her losing her virginity to him. I felt sorry for Drayton after reading his poem because I felt he wrote it after finding out about his partner’s affair and this would account for his harsh way of ending their relationship and angry tone used when ending it. However, to tell his partner that he can be free without her is surprising, especially when at the end of the poem he says the love may come back. I think Drayton wrote this poem on the back of an affair his partner had been having, ‘Now at the last gasp of loves latest breath, when, his pulse failing, passion speechless lies, when faith is kneeling by his bed of death’. The phrase speechless lies could be a reflection of the times she lied to him while having the affair and faith kneeling by deaths bed shows that along with the love, faith had also left the relationship giving further reason to think she had an affair. Aswell as this Drayton lets his partner know that the love in their relationship is dying and has nearly gone completely, by saying that it is taking its last gasp of breath. Shortly after, Drayton gives his partner the impression that the love may come back. ‘Now, if thou would’st, when all have given him over, from death to life thou might’st him yet recover’. This quote gave me the feeling that the relationship could come back giving reason to believe that the poem was written as retaliation after finding out about an affair. Understandably he would be distraught and so uses the harsh images mentioned in the early stages of the poem but finally ending by realising the amount of love he has for his partner and so says that they might be able to overcome this and love each other again. The poem I preferred Overall the poem that I most preferred was Draytons poem ‘Since theres no help†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ This is because unlike Marvells poem it isn’t as long and is kept to a simple 14 line structure. I feel that this made it easier to understand as opposed to Marvells longer poem. Even though the longer length may have added more detail I found this made it far easier to lose interest. Rossettis poem, like Draytons, was short, however, I liked the way Drayton personified love throughout his poem by expressing loves life in his relationship. I disliked the overuse of ‘remember’ in Rossettis poem, even though it was obviously intentional, I thought it made the poem repetitive with Rossetti continually telling her husband what to remember and remember what not to do. However, I did think that Marvells poem was strong in its persuasiveness and thought it would probably be successful in taking advantage of the young girl, which was the purpose of him writing it. Another reason for my preference of Draytons poem is that it questions the strength of the relationship and whether feelings can be turned off so easily.

Buddhism has developed in a variety of different forms

Introduction:Buddhism is one of the six major religions in the world. Like other religions it has a highly developed system of beliefs, a moral code and a transcendental dimension. In simple words, it looks beyond ordinary human experience to something deeply spiritual which can be realized through leading a good moral life and religious practice. Buddhism takes its name from the Buddha, a human being whose teachings developed into what is now known as ’Buddhism’.It has existed for about 2500 years, even older than both Christianity and Islam.   For some, Buddhism is a religion, for others it is a philosophy or a culture. This religion emerged in north-eastern India in the area along what is known as the ‘Ganges basin’. At that time (fifth century BCE), this area running alongside the River Ganges had become a place of civilizations, with abundance of food, rising population and increasing urbanization. Note that Buddha was not a god but a flesh-and-blood human being.  His family name was Siddhartha Gautama but later was referred to as the Buddha which means ‘Enlightened One’ or ‘Awakened One’. Once someone asked the Buddha, ‘Are you a god?’ His reply was ‘No, I’m not a god, I’m awake!’ Although the Buddha didn’t claim to be a god, he did affirm that he was a fully realized human being, that he fully understood the nature of the human condition and that he had discovered a state of being known as Nirvana. This was a state in which all selfish desire and therefore all suffering had come to an end. He taught that by following his teachings, others too could realize once and for all this blissful state.Buddha taught that there are six realms of existence – gods, humans, jealous gods, animals, ghosts and hell-beings. The realm of the gods is one of great pleasure but it is not a place that one should aspire to particularly. This is because this world is no t eternal and eventually the gods themselves will fall into the lower realms. The best of all realms is said to be the human realm. This is because the suffering we inevitably experience in life doesn’t make us too complacent and consequently we are more likely to make the effort necessary for spiritual progress. The gods are too absorbed in pleasure to attempt this.Buddhism has been described as ‘a moral system without a god’ and ‘a faith without a god’. The essential teachings of the Buddha can be summed up in the following quotation from a Buddhist scripture.† Not to do evil, to cultivate good, to purify one's mind†. Buddhism is practiced worldwide. It started in India and from there spread to Sri Lanka, China, Korea, Japan, Tibet, Thailand, Vietnam, Burma, Cambodia, and Laos. In the twentieth century, Buddhism has spread to the West, including Europe, the UK, and the USA. What has been distinctive about the spread of Buddhism is its a bility to keep its core teachings intact but at the same time showing great flexibility in adapting to the culture that adopts it.For the interest of this topic, the compares will be between Thailand Buddhism and Tibetan Buddhism. This two countries practice Buddhism but it appears quite different, but the essential teachings of the Buddha are interpreted along very similar lines. This is because over the centuries, various forms or schools of Buddhism have emerged with slightly different practices and rituals. The earliest form of Buddhism is known as Theravada. A new form of Buddhism emerged from this which is known as Mahayana Buddhism. The latter is a broad umbrella and covers such schools of Buddhism as Zen, Pure Land and Nichiren. A third major branch of Buddhism is known as Vajrayana of which Tibetan Buddhism is the principal expression. All three traditions Theravada, Mahayana and Vajrayana – continue to flourish.As mentioned above, both Thailand Buddhism and Tibetan Buddhism believe in the story of prince Siddhartha reaching enlightenment. However, they vary in the role of this in the grand Buddhist cosmos. Theravada Buddhism is practiced in Thailand; it is often called Southern Buddhism because of the path it took through Southern India to Southeast Asia. This system remains true to the original teachings of Prince Siddhartha, (also known as Sakyamuni Gautama Buddha), that are found in the Pali scriptures. The Four Noble Truths and the Eight-Fold Path are the main focus of the school.They believe that the Buddha was a man who liberated himself through meditation and contemplation. They look upon him as a teacher as opposed to a deity, and so images of the Buddha in these lands are revered or venerated, not worshipped. In this system, each individual must strive to liberate oneself through enlightened actions. Neither gods nor magic spells can assist the process.Buddhism in Thailand: The Thai form of Buddhism is sometimes called Lankavamsa (mea ning Singhalese or Sri Lankan lineage) because it was introduced to the 13th century Sukhothai Kingdom by monks from Sri Lanka. This form of Buddhism grew as the Sukhothai Kingdom expanded over Northern and Central Thailand. However, Ayuthaya in central Thailand grew into a powerful kingdom, and eventually annexed Sukhothai in 1376. The Thai Kings of Ayuthaya made conquests over areas of central Thailand formerly held by the Khmer Empire, which had been practicing a blend of Buddhism and Hinduism much more akin to Mahayana Buddhism than to the Sri Lankan form. The Ayuthaya kings incorporated many of these beliefs into the Buddhism they had inherited from Sukhothai.This has had a lasting effect on Thai Buddhism to this day. It is ironic to note that during Dutch persecution in Sri Lanka during the 18th century, the ordination lineage of monks there broke down. It was Thailand (then known as Siam) that restored the Sangha (brotherhood of monks) in Sri Lanka. Hence, the main sect of Bu ddhism in Sri Lanka is known as Siam Nikaya (meaning Siam Sect)Vajrayana or Tantric Buddhism: The Vajrayana system is a sect of Mahayana Buddhism, and represents the occult branch of Buddhism that is today practiced mainly in Tibet and some parts of Bhutan and Nepal. Also known as Tantric Buddhism, it owes its origin to the scholar Padmasambhava who went to Tibet from Bengal. He assimilated Hinayana and Mahayana doctrines of Buddhism with the pagan Bon religion of Tibet and the occult practices of Tantric Hinduism.Thus beside meditation and contemplation, Vajrayana also prescribes the visualization of Buddhas passionately embracing their shaktis and the use of ritual diagrams (mandalas), special chants (mantras), specific postures (mudras) and sexual practices (maithuna) to attain enlightenment and liberation. The idea of these practices is not to indulge the senses. The aim is to experience and understand the fleeting nature of the material world. A true adept or siddha thus become s fully aware that material existence or ‘samsara' is no different from spiritual release or ‘nirvana'.ConclusionAs stated earlier, these two main branches of Buddhism has different practices, but they all have some fundamental similarities. They believe that Siddhartha was the son of a powerful king, and that his father brought him up surrounded by all the pleasures of the world, isolated in the palace, so that Siddhartha would never know sorrow. The prince grew up, married, and had a child, always surrounded by luxury. There are more similarities as well, but the differences in Buddhism are very significant.REFERENCE:Buddhism and Buddhists Act www.buddhart.com2. Cousins, L. S. (1996). â€Å"The Dating of the Historical Buddha: A Review Article†. Journal of the   Royal Asiatic Society Series 3 (6.1): 57-63. Retrieved on 20073. Davidson, Ronald M. (2003). Indian Esoteric Buddhism: A Social History of the Tantric Movement. New York: Columbia University Press. ISB N 0231126190.4.Gethin, Rupert (1998). Foundations of Buddhism. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-289223-1.5.Gombrich, Richard (ed.); Heinz Bechert (ed.) (1984). The World of Buddhism. Thames ;HudsonHarvey, Peter 1990, An Introduction to Buddhism: Teachings, History and practices, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 148-169. Kvaerne, Per 1984, Tibet: the rise and fall of a monistic tradition’, in the world Buddhism: Buddhist monks and nuns in society and culture, eds Heinz ; Richard Gombrich, Thames and Hudson, London, pp. 261-2788. Morgan, Kenneth W. (ed), The Path of the Buddha: Buddhism Interpreted by Buddhists, Ronald Press, New York, 1956; reprinted by Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi; distibuted by Wisdom Books

Employment Relations Norms

Employment Relations Norms The process of recruiting new employees has become very crucial in the contemporary world. This is applicable to both small and large organizations of any structure or size. Organizations are required to have effective methods of recruiting and retaining current positions of employees in an organization. This plays a significant role in determining the performance of an organization.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Employment Relations Norms specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Employment relations refer to the measures that are employed in an organization in order to facilitate good relationship between employees and employers. In other words, employment relations involve those activities that are geared towards the resolving and prevention of those problems that arise from the work of individual’s performance within an organization. It also entails the measures that are employed in promoting absorption of top pe rforming workers within an organization. In the contemporary world, many organizations have realized the need of facilitating effective employment relations in its operations. The most competitive organizations are the ones that have managed to maintain effective employment relations in their operations. However, there is a major concern on whether these needs are taken into consideration bearing in mind that we are in the era where organized labor has significantly declined. In every organization, leaders must be armed with adequate advice on how they can improve the performance of its employees. In order to achieve this, the employer must consider the disciplinary actions as well as the regulatory requirements (Deery 1999). The employers are also required to consider the necessary procedures that should be applied while addressing employees’ needs within an organization. This will significantly contribute towards promoting a good relationship between employees and the emplo yer. This plays a significant role in promoting the organizational goals.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In an effort to promote good relationship between employees and the employers, employees should be provided with adequate information. Armed with adequate information, employees will be in a position to understand the organizational goals and policies. Such information will help employees to conduct themselves accordingly in order to meet these goals. For instance, employees will be informed on the procedures that employers are required to follow in promoting or repositioning them within an organization (Anton 2011). The employer also has a responsibility of providing employees with the necessary information that will enable them to correct their poor performance both in the work place and off the workplace (Locke, Kochan and Piore). Again, this will play a sig nificant role in promoting good relationship between employees and employers. When employees are fully informed, they will for instance be ware of the required procedures that are acceptable in passing on their grievances. There are a number of reasons why every organization must promote effective employment relation. By maintaining good relationship between employers and employees, an organization is able to increase employees’ motivation, morale and consequently their productivity levels. This is because the employees are promised of protection from any kind of exploitation. Another advantage of effective employment relations is that it promotes fairness in an organization. For instance, the employer is required to employ people without discrimination. Promotion in the workplace is also guided by fairness. This ensures that only qualified individuals get particular positions. By maintaining effective relationship between employers and workers, an organization can reduce its costs significantly. This is because a firm is able to avoid time wastage through employees’ strikes or demonstrations. In stead, employees will be motivated hence committed in meeting organizational goals.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Employment Relations Norms specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Reference List Anton. 2011. Employment Relations Web. Available at: https://www.essays24.com/essay/Employment-Relations/58620.html Locke, R., Kochan, T. and Piore, M., 1995. Employment Relations in a Changing World Economy. U.S.A., MIT Press. Deery, S., 1999. Employment Relations: Individualization and Union Exclusion: An International Study. Sydney, Federation Press.

Verb Agreement with Number

Noun/Verb Agreement with Number Noun/Verb Agreement with â€Å"Number† Noun/Verb Agreement with â€Å"Number† By Mark Nichol When a sentence begins with â€Å"A number of,† should the verb that follows be singular, or plural? For example, when a sentence refers to a number of objections being raised, is was correct, or should you use were? In this case, number stands in as a vague reference to the quantity of objections, but the objections themselves are the focus of the sentence: â€Å"A number of objections were raised.† (This last sentence is passive; it might be better to construct the sentence more actively by identifying and emphasizing those who objected: â€Å"Community members raised a number of objections during the public-comments period.† Occasionally, though, the identity of the actor or actors is irrelevant, or the writer wishes to deemphasize or disguise their identity. That’s why passive construction isn’t categorically wrong it’s merely less direct.) However, when the sentence begins with â€Å"The number of,† the verb that follows should be singular: â€Å"The number of chairs available is 500,† for example, is correct, because the subject of the sentence is number, not chairs, and number is a singular noun. (Of course, â€Å"Five hundred chairs are available† avoid starting a sentence with a numeral is more direct and concise, but, again, sometimes a more relaxed syntax is desirable.) The difference may seem negligible, but consider that in an â€Å"a number of† construction, though the plurality of phenomena in the sentence is important, the identity of the phenomena objections, in the first example above is the essential information. Likewise, in the second example, the reader needs to know what objects the stated quantity refers to, but the point of the sentence is the quantity; hence, number is the key word. The same principle applies when the sentence begins with the expletive there or here, followed by a verb: â€Å"There are a number of objections† and â€Å"Here is the number of chairs you requested.† Again, these sentences are not necessarily ideally constructed, but when you need to write in such a syntactical style, remember, â€Å"A number . . . are† and â€Å"The number . . . is.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:5 Uses of Infinitives50 Idioms About Fruits and Vegetables48 Writing Prompts for Middle School Kids

America in Vladimir Nabokov's Lolita Research Paper

America in Vladimir Nabokov's Lolita - Research Paper Example So much of the consumer society must have been a shock to him, after the deprivations of wartime in Europe, and yet he identified very strongly with many features of his new home. Sweeney quotes Nabokov saying to a journalist in 1966 â€Å"I am as American as April in Arizona† (1994, p. 325) and links this curious alliterative statement with the period when Nabokov and his family lived in Arizona in the Spring of 1953: â€Å"On sunny afternoons that April (and all day long during one rainy week) Nabokov worked at telling one story in particular: Lolita, his most acute observation of America’s beauties and vulgarities, the most cunning, incisive and poetic American novel of this century. (Sweeney, 1994, p. 328). Lolita is set in working class provincial America, and its characters speak the idiom of that milieu. The object of his desire is a world weary twelve year old and Humbert indulges her love of vulgar and transient aspects of American culture: â€Å"Mentally, I found her a disgustingly conventional little girl. Sweet hot jazz, square dancing, gooey fudge sundaes, musicals, movie magazines and so forth.† (Nabokov and Appel, 1991, p. 148)The character of Humbert is portrayed as an immigrant of French origins, and in this character Nabokov plays out part of himself, quoting the narrative style of the realist novelist Flaubert in French with the phrase â€Å"Nous connà »mes† and contrasting this learned reference with the tacky motels that they visit (Nabokov and Appel, 1991, pp. 145-146). He sees the tackiness that is on offer as something faintly ridiculous, but uses it as a means to ingratiate himself with Lolita: â€Å"we had to buy its Indian curios, dolls, copper je welry, cactus candy. The words ‘novelties’ and ‘souvenirs’ simply entranced her by their trochaic lilt† (Nabokov and Appel, p. 148). Humbert merges his own intellectual delight in the language with Lolita’s love of trivia. Through her he learns to both love and hate

Judaism and the Jews in New York Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Judaism and the Jews in New York - Term Paper Example American Jews are American citizens having Jewish faith and Jewish ethnicity and whose origin also is from other countries. A wide range of Jewish cultural traditions and a full spectrum of Jewish religious observance are apparent in the Jewish community of America. The Jews of America live overwhelmingly in the suburbs of the largest American cities. The American Jews by every measure constitute to be one of the highest socio economic groups of the United states and they share almost all the characteristics of the upper middle class urban Americans. Depending on demographic studies and religious definitions, the United States is home to the world’s second largest Jewish community. This paper in particular intends to describe Jews in New York and their religion ‘Judaism’. Who is a Jew? The Jews represent a group of people having some unique characteristics rather than a distinct race or ethnic group. Although the Jews originally came from the Middle East, many a n umber of races and people have joined together in Jewish communities over the centuries, especially after Jews were forced out of Palestine in the second century A.D. In America, they engaged in marriages with Christians and formed a mixed community. It is evidently, a common Jewish heritage that passed down from generation to generation that binds the group together. And for the Jews in New York also, the binding element is their religion. Although most often, Judaism is used as a term referring to the Jewish religion, sometimes it is used to refer to all Jews. In other words, one does not have to be religious to be Jewish. In general, one is Jewish if one is born of a Jewish mother or converted to Judaism. Unlike Christians, they are still waiting for the arrival of a Savior who would integrate all the Jews who have been scattered and gone astray. Advent of Jews to America There is no unanimous opinion among the historians as to when the first Jews came to America. Although many b elieve that Jews reached America in the ancient period either when they were attacked by aliens or when they faced persecution from the Christians, no solid evidences are available to prove this argument. As Adler and Huhner point out, still it is believed that the first Jews came to North America in 1654 and settled in the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam which was later renamed as New York. Most of those who came were refugees from Recife, a Dutch colony in Brazil. It was when the Portuguese attacked the colony the Jews left Recife and headed to Holland. But as they ran out of money they were forced to settle at the Dutch colony of North America (Adler and Huhner). The newly came people were granted permission to inhabit in the American soil and to practice their religion and customs and this marked the beginning of a new community and religion in the land of America. The migrant Jews assimilated into the culture of Native Americans in all aspects of life. In other words, they had to imbibe the basic characteristics of the American community as forming distinctiveness was not possible challenging the customs of the natives. All together, the modern Jewish culture in America embodies an international culture of secular communities of Jewish people and the indigenous practices of the natives. Jews continued migrating to America on realizing it was a secure place for them. During the middle decades of the 19th century, there were considerable

Leonardo Da Vinci Biography And Artwork Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Leonardo Da Vinci Biography And Artwork - Essay Example c contributions of Davinci; and the image of the angel has evoked controversy with regard to its pose, complexion, and non conventional form (Scaramella). The Baptism of Christ One of the most famous paintings of Leonardo da Vinci Mona Lisa an oil painting painted on a poplar wood. This was created between 1503 and 1519, and is the most parodied piece of art till date. According to critics, Da Vinci kept a long held mystery that loomed over her eyebrows. The image in the painting is believed to be the portrait of Lisa Gherardini, wife of Francesco del Giocondo. Mona Lisa is painted in a realistic scale. It has a complete volume typically seen in sculpture in the round. The painting is believed to have been created between 1503 and 1506. Da Vinci's Mona Lisa is the earliest Italian portrait to focus so clearly on a passenger in a half-length portrait. Mona Lisa is highly realistic and that is attributed to the technique of sfmuto he used to blend and shade the contours from his light to dark work and to soften the image to make it more lifelike. As Botton points out, Christianity maintained the Aristotle’s concept that ‘miseries of works were an appropriate means of expiating the sins of Adam’; and it was since the advent of Leonardo and Michelangelo that ‘new notes began to be heard’ (106). Mona Lisa Evidently, monalisa as a wonderful work of art has been the topic for reseac over centuries. Although researchers are at odds regarding various aspects of the painting, they all converge at the point that Da Vinci’s art worth great appreciation for ever. Recent studies conducted on the painting have brought out amazing findings about the secrets the painter had employed in the creation of his masterpiece. According to Cotte, the founder of Lumiere Technology... Da Vinci’s relationship with the Roman Catholic Church itself is a topic for debate. Many believe that da Vinci was not a staunch believer of Catholic Church despite the fact that many of his paintings are based on biblical themes. For instance, as Rosci's notes, Leonardo "adopted an empirical approach to every thought, opinion, and action and accepted no truth unless verified or verifiable, whether related to natural phenomena, human behavior, or social activities."And hence, according to this observation, da Vinci did not believe in the Catholic dogma and was an insurgent seeking to over through the false beliefs of the society in which he lived. Evidently, as compared to Michelangelo, da Vinci got only a nominal support from the Catholic Church in his pursuit. In the same way, Leonardo’s relationship with his contemporary Michelangelo also was not very substantial, the reason for which is still not sure. However, he was an exceptional figure in the history that prove d his part in almost all branches of art and science. In total, Leonardo Da Vinci is considered to be an artist, an inventor and an eminent scientist whose ideas were centuries ahead than the time he lived. More than five hundred years Da Vinci’s reputation as a famous painter rested with a number of paintings which is considered to be the ultimate masterpieces in the world. Da Vinci’s exceptional draftsmanship is clear in his larger body of drawings which were later seen in a number of European art works and in art galleries.

Impact of the Chronic Illness in Patients Lives

Impact of the Chronic Illness in Patients Lives Client Focused Study This assignment will focus on the patients journey and the impact of the chronic illness in their lives. Firstly a rationale for the chosen client and the health deviation will be explained. Secondly, how the deviation has an impact on the patients journey throughout the health care will be highlighted and potential influences of on long term well being of the patient and their family will be explored. Finally, the knowledge gained from the assignment and how it can be helpful in the future practice will be addressed. In accordance with the NMC Code of Professional conduct (2010), the patient chosen for this essay will be named Miss X, to protect her identity and maintain confidentiality. Informed consent will be attached as appendix I. Miss X is a 58 year old patient who had been diagnosed 3 years ago with COPD related to Emphysema. She had been smoking for 40 years and gave up smoking 3 months after her initial diagnosis. She has currently been admitted care to specialised Respiratory ward in a local London hospital, following an exacerbation of COPD. Her current symptoms are chest pain and shortness of breath. The rationale for choosing Miss X for this assignment is because during my placement in the respiratory ward, I found the patient having difficulties to perform physical activities due to the breathlessness. As a result, I developed an interest in learning how breathlessness occurs and its affect on the patients daily life. Further rationale of The Nice guidelines for COPD (2010) reported that COPD is the 5th biggest killer in the U.K. and also Worldwide. In addition, evidence reports that the main cause of developing COPD is due to smoking. The national statistics General Lifestyle Survey (2008) reported that at least 21% of the U.Ks population smoke which means COPD will remain to be endemic in this Country. The annual cost of COPD to the NHS is estimated at more than  £980 million and the figures are rising every year. Beraden (2011) reported that incidence of breathlessness in patients with diagnosed COPD is approximately 65% and 90%. These statistics highlights that it is impo rtant to be aware of the health deviation of COPD such as breathlessness in order to ensure the patient receives a quality of life. Evidently, the pathophyisology of breathlessness caused by emphysema is noted to be a physical development of airflow obstruction and impaired gas exchange. Blackler (2007) explains emphysema as a progressive chronic lung disease where the airways are inflamed and the tissue of the lungs and the alveoli are destroyed. The inflammation in the airway obstructs the flow of air in to the alveoli. In addition, the alveoli lose their elasticity and during breathing this loss can lead to the alveoli collapsing and causing breathlessness. The main factor causing these characteristics of Emphysema is Smoking. Mc Cance, (2010) informs that smoking cigarette activates the neutrophils which subsequently release the enzymes protease and anti protease. As a result of the toxins from cigarette smoking, the chemical activity of the protease and anti protease is imbalanced. The author further explains that a balance is required in order to maintain normal lung function and the derangements of this balance may result in increased destruction and inappropriate repair of the lungs. Inappropriate repair of the lungs can lead to the alveoli being eliminated of the pulmonary capillary bed, causing mismatching in ventilation and perfusion. As a result there is less surface area for the gases to exchange causing decrease of the oxygen levels in the blood (Mc Cance, 2010). Thus any mild form of exercise can raise oxygen requirement leaving the patient breathless. This is evident in Miss X whenever she performs any type of physical acti vity. In addition, Damjanov (2006) explains that the destruction in the alveoli and the bronchiole wall also contribute in the reduction of elastic recoil of the airway. This leads to difficulty in expiration as the loss of elastic recoil reduces the volume of air that can be expired . As the air is not effectively exhaled, air trapping occurs causing the chest to expand. Long term air trapping in the lungs causes the chest to have a barrel like appearance. This is because the lungs are over inflated with air and the ribcage mostly remains expanded which gives the chest its barrel shape (Damjanov, 2006). Barrel chest is very noticeable in Miss X. People who smoke do not necessarily develop Emphysema therefore inherited genetics disorders are believed to contribute to the development of this disease. McCance, (2010) explains that emphysema mainly occurs with patients who have Alpha 1- antitrypsin deficiency (A1AD). In A1AD enzymes such as elastase destroys the elastin and the tissue of the airway which again leads to mismatching of perfusion of gas exchange and ventilation. Furthermore, Pryor and Prasad (2009) describes the sensation of breathlessness originates when the sensory system activates within the lungs, chest wall and the respiratory muscles raise awareness of breathing discomfort. However, psychological factors can also be associated with breathlessness. It is regarded as a subjective experience in COPD anxiety act as an trigger when the patient sense discomfort in breathing. Some studies show the following sequence of events; aggravation by anxiety and panic attacks leads to breathlessness and so forth a continuous cycle is created (Robert and Stockley, 2007) The patients journey starts when the patient says so or from diagnosis to the end of life. Three years ago before her diagnosis, Miss X went to see her GP when she started noticing breathlessness whilst performing physical activities. The GP diagnosed Miss X based on her clinical features and other tests; Chest Ct Scan, her Blood test and her spirometry reading which was FEV1/FVC The GP also referred her to Smoking Cessation Clinic along with a prescription of nicotine patches which helped her quit smoking after 5 months of her first screening date. The NICE COPD Guidelines (2010) highlights that Smoking Cessation should be recommended to newly diagnosed patients. As stated by the Department Of Health the government targets to reduce the smoking population further than its current 26%, which was achieved successfully by 2010 (DOH, 2010). Despite the governments efforts, literature reviews shows that not all of the patients fully recover from smoking addiction. The study conducted by Zhou et al (2009) found that out of 2431 patients who managed to quit smoking after Smoking cessation, 80% were reported to relapse after 3 to 18 months. The data may not be reliable enough to completely prove this high number of relapse because not all the subjects observed carried on for the whole duration of the study. Despite the slight drawbacks of the studies, it has helped the government back up for the funding of smoking cessation clinics. Along with the Smoking cessation clinic miss X was also referred to have annual Influenza vaccination, Pneumococcal vaccination and was encouraged to regular exercise. Miss X is also seen by the community Respiratory Nurse specialist and community nurse on a regular basis for medical checkups. Miss X has had few hospital admissions since her diagnosis due to her exacerbation of COPD. On her recent admission she was brought in by an ambulance as she was not able to breathe due to her breathlessness and chest pain. She was immediately admitted to AE where they diagnosed her with exacerbation of COPD. Miss X was assessed and was stabilised by oxygen therapy and nebulisers in AE. She was then transferred to the Respiratory ward for further investigation and treatment. The ward respiratory doctor requested her for chest X-ray, ECG, Arterial Blood Gases test, blood test, urine dipstick test and sputum culture. The investigation confirmed that she had chest infection. Her oxygen saturation was also maintained by oxygen therapy. Miss X was then started on nebulisers, I.V. antibiotics and for a 7 day course she was on oral prednisolone (Steroids). Jong et al (2007) suggest that oral prednisolone is recommended than I.V prednisolone because there was no difference on treatment and helps reduce patient to be prone to infection. During the stay in the ward Miss X was noticed to be underweight and was referred to the dietician who prescribed her to nutritional drinks and given advice on healthy eating. She was also seen by the Physiotherapist for breathing techniques and mobilising with the breathlessness. As Miss X has had few admissions due to her exacerbation she was also referred to pulmonary rehabilitation after her discharge. The NICE (2010) highlighted that pulmonary rehab illation improves the patients quality of life and therefore, any COPD patient of grade 3 on the MRC scale (Medical Research Council) should be referred to the programme after being discharged. Currently the government suggests that the standard population for rehabilitation up take of the programme should be 230 patients per 100,000 of a normal population in a trust per year. This is a very small number of uptakes in relation to the COPD population; such limitation can create restrictions to access the rehabilitation programme. The deviation can have an impact on the long term well being of Miss X and her Family. COPD is a disease that progress over a long time along with severity of its symptoms. ( 20) confirms that COPD over time results in fatigue, depression, anxiety, reduced exercise tolerance and poor nourishment. Firstly, the effort to maintain normal ventilation, all the energy of the patient is consumed causing tiredness and fatigue restricting the patients ability to perform everyday activities. Miss X interprets her breathlessness has restricted her to perform physical activities and therefore retired from her waitress job at the age of 56. This has led to her being financially dependent on her 22 year old son and government disability financial support. She also relies on her son to help her with household chores as she is not able to perform certain activities by herself such as shopping, cleaning, washing, cooking, paying bills etc. Furthermore, Lahaije et al (2010) proved that COPD patients do eliminate their daily activities due to physiological limitation caused by breathlessness. The study was conducted on 21 COPD patients and ten healthy subjects living in Netherlands. The study measured the performance time for daily living activities; where COPD patients were involved less whereas healthy subjects were higher. The study consisted of only 21 COPD patients and 10 healthy subjects which is a very small sample therefore cannot be generalised. However, the study conducted by Szarm (2010) on a survey of 20693 patients residing in England who were aged between 51- 60 year old were reported to also have an impaired work performance due to breathlessness mostly caused by COPD. The finding from Szram (2010) is more reputable than Lahaije et al (2010) with regards to generalising COPD patients limiting breathlessness as the sample size was much larger Miss x also suffered from urinary incontinence. Literature reveals that patients with COPD do suffer from stress incontinence of urine due to increased abdominal pressure whilst coughing (Tozun et al, 2009). However, some authors forget that inability to reach the toilet in time due to breathlessness could be the factor influencing urinary incontinence in COPD patients. Secondly, the disability caused by Miss Xs breathlessness has also had an impact on her psychological state. Numerous studies have proved that the symptoms of COPD can cause patients to be depressed and affect the quality of life. Stage et al (2009) literature review highlights that depression is common in COPD patients and about 40% of the COPD diagnosed suffer from either severe or clinical depression. The literature review also noted that mortality rate was lower in non depressed COPD patient than the depressed. In addition, she feels that she is a burden to her son and feels embarrassed on having sudden panic attacks in public whilst she is out shopping or socialising. Miss X reported that she felt devalued as she experienced being treated differently by others and also feel socially isolated. The qualitative study conducted by Berger et al (2010) confirms that COPD patients do experience stigmatisations which are triggered by self blame related to smoking, being a burden, embarrassment. Stuenkel and Wong (2009) highlight the Goffmans theory of support groups in which the patients shares similar stigma. The support group evidently has helped to feel accepted, gain moral support. The Breathe Easy support group programme Miss X attends every fortnight has helped her to reduce her stigmisation. In light of all this, Miss X does have a positive attitude to cope with her condition. She is aware that her condition is not curable but can be managed if she complies with the treatment. She is adherent to her medication and her treatment plan. Naidoo and Wills (2010) explain that the Health locus of control (HCOL) is divided into two controls; internal where people are in control of their condition and external where people are beyond control of their condition. Miss X falls under the internal HCOL as she controls her condition very well. Lastly, Miss Xs son is very worried about his mother going to have an emergency admission to the hospital again. The patients son is psychologically stressed and fells socially isolated due to financial and household commitments. However, he has been accessing support and advice from the doctors, nurses and special support groups. Moreover, the review of qualitative studies conducted by Spence et al (2008) explored the specific care needed of care givers of patients with COPD. The review confirmed that restricted activities of daily living and emotional distress were identified by the 7 subjects studied. This assignment has helped me to understand the impact COPD has on the patient, family and health care system. The skills and knowledge gained to care for the COPD patient will ensure an evidence based care will be delivered to the patient and the family. In future, whilst nursing a patient with breathlessness I will follow the guidelines as directed by the NICE guidelines as care required. I will also consider the psychological and social state of the patient on planning the care as these are the main aspects of the disease which impact the patients quality of life. To overcome any issues if countered, social issues will be referred to the social services and any psychological issues should be referred to the clinical psychologist. Finally, I have learned that educating patient and the family of services available and the disease itself is the key to aid them cope and comply with the treatment. In conclusion, the assignment overviews a journey of a patient diagnosed with emphysema with the health deviation of breathlessness. The NHS has been providing treatment and therapies to reduce the risk of patients developing emphysema. Literature reviews indicate that breathlessness can contribute to several psychosocial issues in the patients life. Word Count 2499 References List Beraden,K. (2011). Recent advances in the management of breathlessness. Indian Journal Of Palliative Care. 17 (4), 29-32. Szram et al. (2010). Breathlessness and work performance in older adults in Kent. Thorax. 65 (4), 78-79. Stuenkel, D and Wong, V. (2009). Stigma. In: Larsen,P and Lubkin,I Chronic illness: impact and intervention . 7th ed. USA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. 57. Jong et al . (2007). Oral or IV Prednisolone in the Treatment of COPD Exacerbations* A Randomized, Controlled, Double-blind Study. American College of Chest Physicians. 132 (1), 1741-1747. Tozun et al. (2009). Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence among Women and Its Impact on Quality of Life in a Semirural Area of Western Turkey. Gynecoloicand Obstetric Investigation . 67 (1), 241-249. Berger et al. (2010). The Experience of Stigma in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Western Journal of Nursing Research. X, 1-17. Spence et al. (2008). Active carers: living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. International Journal of Pallative Nursing. 14 (8), Stage et al. (2006). Depression in COPD- Management and quality of life considerations. International Journal of COPD. 1 (3), 315-320. Department of Health. Consultation on a Strategy for Services for COPD in England. London: Department of Health, 2010. British Thoracic Society. Burden of Lung Disease 2006. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (update). (Clinical guideline 101.) 2010. http://guidance.nice.org.uk/CG101. Last Accessed 20/02/2011 Office for National Statistics. (2010). 12. General Lifestyle Survey 2008: Smoking and drinking among adults,. Available: http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_compendia/GLF08/GLFSmokingDrinkingAmongAdults2008.pdf. Last accessed 20th Feb National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. (2006). Pulmonary Rehabilitation service for patients with COPD. Available: http://www.nice.org.uk/usingguidance/commissioningguides/pulmonaryrehabilitationserviceforpatientswithcopd/pulmonaryrehabilitationservicecopd.jsp. Last accessed 20th Feb 2011. McCance et al (2010). Pathophysiology, The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children. 6th ed. Missouri: ELSEVIER. 1286-1289. Nursing Midwifery Council (2008) The Code: Standards of conduct, performance and ethics for nurses and midwives NMC, London Blackler et al (2007). Managing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. England: John Wiley and Sons LTD. 1-12. Damanjov Pryor,J and Prasad,S (2008). Physiotherapy for respiratory and cardiac problems:. 4th ed. UK: Elsevier. 227- 228. Mahler,D. (2007). The Physiology of breathelessness. In: Robert,A and Stockley,I Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Oxford: Blackwell Zhou et al . (2009). Attempts to quit smoking and relapse: Factors associated with success or failure from the ATTEMPT cohort study . Addictive Behaviors. 34 (4), 365-373. Naidoo and Wills